End Note

     This semester, we were introduced to teaching, one of the possible fields that us, BSOA students will have in the future. Teaching doesn't just mean sharing knowledge, it is molding student in there chosen fields. Nowadays, we need teachers that are willing to shape individuals that will lead this country to a progressive future. Dedication to teaching is the most wanted value a teacher must have. But nowadays, teaching has been one of the means of living, some college students would say, they prefer to choose teaching profession for it has higher salaries than other professions. If this is the notion of the future teachers, would it contribute to the shaping of future leaders of the nation?

    To my teacher, Mrs. Angie Lapez-Cabahug, thank you for broadening our perspective on what it means to be a teacher and on how teaching really happens. To my classmates in this class, thank you for trying your best in reporting the methods and principles of teaching. May those information be of great help to you, especially when you choose to teach in the future.

Week No. 16: End up with a Movie

#October 13, 2012

       As teacher, it is our duty to impart information to our students that will help them become better citizens of the future. In the movie “The Class”, we saw the teacher’s duty. He/she managers the classroom. He/she also discipline the students and teach them values that will build their good character. The main character, Mr. Marin, is a teacher. A teacher who has students with different race and culture. For me, having those types of students require great patience. In the movie, the teacher experiences some disrespectfulness of the students. As teacher also, Mr. Marin follows up the student’s status and tell it to their parents. He also praises his students when he sees some improvement and creativity when It comes to classroom activities.

   As teacher, we measure how much students have learned throughout the whole semester, year, or grading period through examinations. One way of finding out whether they have learned or not is through directly questioning them on what they have learned. In the movie, Mr. Marin asked the student on what are the things that they acquired from the classes. As teacher, he is expecting that all of his students will have their answer. One rebellious student answered, “I have learned nothing from the books we read in the class”. But the teacher didn’t gave up, for he know that the student have learned something. He asked if she read other books in their home. Then, the student answered yes, she did. After which, the teacher ask a follow up question on what the book is all about.

  When the class has ended, one student approached the Mr. Marin and tell him that she have learned nothing. The teacher, optimistically tell the student she can always enroll for next school year.

    It is somehow disappointing on my part, if I were the teacher to have that statement told by one of my students. I will ask myself how it happened. Is my strategy not good enough to teach students of different race, culture, and ability?

    From the movie, I would say that as teacher, we should avoid focusing on some of our students only. Since based on the movie, the teacher’s attention was just for those students that excel, that failed, and students that tested his patience.

Week No. 16: Last Week of EDP 9

#October 8, 10, 12, 13, 2012

     This week is the last week of this semester, school year 2012-2013. The week covered the following reports; Learning Module, Seminar, Laboratory Method, Classroom Management and The Art of Questioning. These last topics still add our learning about teaching.

     Module. This is also known as the self-learning method of teaching wherein a student is provided by the teacher a bundle of topics, questions after every topic and evaluation for the student. In making module, we are to consider the language we use, particularly the terms found in the module. Since module is a self-learning type, the objectives must be clear enough to be understood by the student himself. Since it is a self-study, the student needs self-discipline to work toward mastering on the module.

     In module, students can work at their own place. They assume responsibility for leaning. Students may also find that textbooks are not the only source of learning. For teachers, module helps in identifying problems earlier. They also have time to pay attention to individual learning problems.

     Just like lesson plans and unit plans, modules have essential parts to consider. These are: statement of purpose or rationale of the module; the pretest, which may show how prepared or unprepared the student is for the module; the objectives, which state what the student is expected to know, do, or feel after accomplishing the module, the instructional activities, which serves as “study guide” and which may enable the student to meet the objectives, if done; the posttest, which measures what students have acquired for the module or if they have mastered the objectives.

    Seminar. This is held for the purpose of solving or attempting to solve a problem. The discussion in on an issue, problem, situation, or proportion on which an answer, a solution, or a policy is arrived at.

   

     The steps in preparing for a discussion in a seminar depend on (1) how complex the seminar problem is, (2) how much of an expert the leader, and (3) how skillful the leader is guiding a group through the process of learning. In seminar, it is of great advantage when the leader has enough knowledge about the subject. With this, he can guide the seminar group into the subject without much difficulty.

    Seminar is useful especially in identifying the problems and in solving problems. It would be successful if each member in a group will participate during the seminar. This cooperation is highly needed to solve the problems that a group may encounter.

    Classroom Management. This is define as the administration of direction of activities with special reference to such problems as discipline, democratic techniques, use and care of supplies and reference materials, the physical features of the classroom, general housekeeping, and the social relationship of students.

     One of the teacher’s tasks is to be a manager. A manager of the class which includes the behavior of the students and how will the class work in an organize way. If the teacher has no knowledge of managing the class he/she can’t teach them well.

    Yes, one can’t teach well if he/she don’t know how to manage. No matter how good the teacher in mastery of the subject matter or in making his/her lesson plan, if he/she is not good In managing the class, his/her presence in the classroom is useless.

     Laboratory Method. The term laboratory refers to a place for experimental study. Presently, it is defined as a teaching procedure dealing with firsthand experiences regarding materials or facts obtained from investigation or experimentation.

     Since it is a method, it also has steps to be followed. First is the INTRODUCTORY STEP which determines what work is to be done. As teacher, he/she should decide beforehand what is to be done and present it to the class so that the objectives will be clearly understood by the students. Second is the WORK PERIOD. Here, the students are working out the assigned task of the teacher. Third is the CULMINATING ACTIVITIES in which findings of the students are organized and discussed.

     Supervision of the teacher is very important in this method. Teacher must bear in mind that some of the students are unfamiliar with the materials found in the laboratory.

     The Art of Questioning. One of the teaching strategies that are very old in nature is questioning. Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and many other philosophers uses this strategy to stimulate the minds of their audience. Same with the teacher, they throw questions to students during discussions to stimulate their minds and have their response to his/her questions. Questions on the lesson arouse the learner’s enthusiasm and hold his/her interest.

     As teacher, we have to be skillful enough in giving questions. Skillful questions involves knowledge of the various uses of the question, the characteristics of a good question, the techniques of questioning, and the techniques of handling student’s responses and questions.

     We can use questions to stimulate students to think. Others are to motivate them. Some helps in diagnosing learner’s difficulties. Questioning also unfolds the interests of the student.

     In asking questions, it must be natural and in a well-modulated voice. The teacher should also wait for the student since they are still thinking for an answer. He/she should also refrain from repeating the questions. The question should be catchy that the whole class can have some time for discussion.

    In formulating questions, it must be simple and clear. Question is certain. It should base on the ability of the students. A good question also is challenging and provoking.

Week No. 15: Extension to Methods of Teaching

#October 1, 2012

  Most students often re-act teachers’ performance. With this, demonstration method exists as one of the methods that will help to make teaching easier and learning process is more effective.

   Demonstration Method is considered as an audiovisual device because it makes use of instructional materials and equipment. It is one of the most common methods used in teaching. It allows the students to watch and learn while the teacher is doing his/her demonstration. Demonstration is also called as the Imitation Method. In such a way that students reenact what the teacher demonstrates.

    In demonstration, the teacher must use a clear and loud voice. The teacher must make sure that all the students can see what he is demonstrating. If it is a step-by-step demonstration, he should mention the steps needed to complete the process.

    Speaking of steps, demonstration has several steps to be followed. These steps are as follow: Purposing, Planning, Demonstration Proper, Executing, and Evaluation.

     The POSTSCRIPT that was given by our instructor about Demonstration Method expounds our idea on how to use demonstration effectively. It was stated there if is it better to learn a little a lot or to learn a lot a little. As far as demonstration is concerned, teacher must set his mind that his audience has zero knowledge about his doing. As demonstrator, we are to anticipate questions from the audience, but not so many, be time conscious also.

    Lecture Method on the other hand, has been a part of the traditional school. Wherein the teacher is the center of the class. His/her mastery and techniques in lecturing will somehow add on the success of the whole class. Lecture Method is like telling method, but they are not exactly the same. It is more on exposition than narration. It is defined by Bossing as a teaching procedure for clarifying or explaining a major idea cast in the form of a question or problem. Lecture trains the student to listen. But on the contrary, it defies the principle, “learning by doing”, since it allows the students to listen.

    There are two types of lecture, the Formal Lecture and the Informal Lecture. Formal Lecture is uninterrupted verbal presentation by lecturer. Informal Lecture on the other hand, is a conversational presentation interspersed with questions, comments and brief discussion.

   Lecture method is good for those learners that are auditory or aesthetic. Lecture method, also requires teachers a loud and clear voice.

Week No. 14: Extension to Types of Lesson and Methods of Teaching

#September 24, 26, 28, 2012

Drill Lesson

   Drill, usually this happens when we test the students’ knowledge when it comes to application of the theories discussed. Drills are needed for mastery, and all subjects need a little amount if drill. In drill lesson, same material is use over and over again until one mastered. Drill involves activities that require memorization. Drills are also needed for training in motor skills such as handwriting, typewriting, shorthand, shopwork, and in the mechanics of reading, pronunciation of foreign words, and the habituation of certain acts.

    Just like other lessons, it also follows procedure. These are, (1) motivation, (2) focalization, (3) Repetition with attention, and (5) application.

 Methods of Teaching

         

     This time, the reporter introduced the methods of teaching including some methods that has been part of the traditional learning process and has proved its help in attaining a good outcome.

     Method is defined as the mode of procedure, especially an orderly or systematic mode. It is a way of doing something particularly in accordance with definite plan. As applied to teaching, method is a series of related and progressive acts performed by the teacher and the students to accomplish the general and specific aims of the lesson. Methods form the bridge between the learner and the subject matter.

      There are lots methods available for an easier and more progressive learning process. Since methods are to be used by the teacher, there are principles that we, as teachers, have to consider in choosing a certain type of method. Here are some. It should utilized the present interest of the learners and stimulate the development of further interest. This means that a method should fit on the interests of the learner. Methods should be concerned with all aspects of student development—physical, intellectual, social, emotional .It is also better if the teacher will introduce the students to some new methods that could ignite their interest. Since interest of the students is important in the learning process.

     The reporter discussed of Inductive and Deductive Method of teaching. Inductive is also known as the “Discovery Method”. Through this procedure, one may arrive at a fact, principle, truth, or generalization. The inductive method is used in mathematics, language, and the laboratory subjects, either as the main method or as a subsidiary method. There are five steps in utilizing the method, these are as follows: preparation, presentation, comparison and abstraction, generalization, application.

     Deductive Method on the other hand, is the opposite of Inductive Method. It starts from generalization to specification. Deduction is a process of solving a problem or overcoming a difficulty by applying to a problem. Same with the Inductive Method, deductive has also steps to be followed. These are:  statement of the problem, generalization, inference, and verification.

    Methods of teaching are very helpful, but teacher’s response on those methods vary its effectivity for a successful teaching-learning process.